文學, 語學

Modern and Contemporary Korean Women Poets Featured at The Missing Slate

이강기 2019. 10. 1. 14:44

Poetry News

Modern and Contemporary Korean Women Poets Featured at The Missing Slate

By Harriet Staff

2019 Poetry Foundation

    

Over the weekend at The Missing Slate, Ae Hee Lee and Emily Jungmin Yoon published a sampler of poetry by modern and contemporary Korean women poets, featuring Kang Ŭn-gyo, Kim Hyesoon, Kim Yideum, and No Ch’ŏn-myŏng. Ae Hee Lee introduces the portfolio by weighing the decision to use "women" as a label:

I have often heard people ask, “Why not just call them ‘poets’ without emphasizing the ‘women’ part?” I confess that I have struggled with this question as well. Is ‘woman poet’ not often used as a reductive label — asking the reader to focus on the poet’s gender and not on their literary skills? Is it not putting female poets into a very cramped jar rather than functioning as an informative identifier? While reading more and more literature about Korean women poets, the historical context they breathed in and wrote in, and the works they penned, it became apparent to me that this was precisely the very reason we should refer to them as “women” poets and not just “poets.”


The introduction then looks at the history of Korean poetry written by women, stretching back to 2333 B.C. through the 20th century. We'll pick up at the modern period:


[...] The starting point for modern Korean poetry is considered to be around 1919, the year of the March 1st national independence movement against the Japanese colonial rule. It was a turning point for Korean women’s literature in general, as women passionately participated in the uprising and were recognized as valuable patriotic citizens of Korea. The high gates of the publication world opened, if ever so slightly, allowing a higher chance of publication for women. Also, by the 1920s, more women had received public and college education and came to publish their writings and voice their opinions publicly through print media, albeit with limitations imposed by Japanese censorship and the patriarchal society. Radical feminist women writers of the decade, such as Na Hye-sŏk, spoke for women’s independence and freedom in love and marriage, while women writers of the 1930s, such as Kang Kyŏng-ae, wrote more about class consciousness and labor. In general, women writers solidified their consciousness of class, marginalization, and female identity.


And then a new kind of literature emerged around the 1970s, what some scholars refer as the “post-yŏryu literature” (yŏryu referring to a certain kind of “gentle” and “beautiful” writing expected from women writers). Contemporary Korean women’s poetry grew raw, sharp in its representation and expression of women’s reality, Korean neocolonialism, philosophy, education, and more.


Head over to The Missing Slate to read the introduction in full and read through the collection of poems.

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노천명의 시 "이름없는 여인되어"의 英譯詩(The Missing Slate에 게재)                                                |



By

Nameless Woman

Le double, by Stéphanie Brachet. Image courtesy of the artist

Le double, by Stéphanie Brachet. Image courtesy of the artist


Up in some cleft in the hills
I’d go to be a nameless woman.
I’d put up gourds on the thatched roof,
Plant squash and pumpkins in the clearing,
Train up a hedge of wild roses,
Let the skies down into the yard, as much as I wanted,
Hug all the stars, all of them,
And not feel sad or alone
Even nights when the owls were crying.
Little village the trains left behind.
Snacking on soft candy from a brass bowl,
Telling village stories about the fox
Until late at night with the one I love,
I would be happy as a queen,
And the old shaggy dog would bark at the moon.


~ No Ch’ŏn-myŏng, trans. from Korean by David R. McCann

No Ch’ŏn-myŏng (1911 – 1957) was active in the 1930s as a poet, fiction writer, journalist, and public intellectual. In the turbulent literary landscape of the colonial era, No stood out with her distinctive voice in her writing. She refused to be a poetic object and asserted her identity as a woman speaker in her work. Despite her independent and strong personality, her poems often reveal her desire to hide or speak of the unspeakable.


David R. McCann is the Korea Foundation Professor of Korean Literature at Harvard University. He has published twenty-four books: anthologies, studies on Korean literary culture, translations of the poets Sowol, Pak Chaesam, Kim Chi Ha, Ko Un, Kim Namjo, and So Chongju, as well as four collections of his own poetry.


David R. McCann’s translation of ‘Nameless Woman’ originally appeared in ‘The Columbia Anthology of Modern Korean Poetry’, ed. David R. McCann (New York: Columbia University Press, 2004). The editors wish to thank Columbia University Press for generously granting permission to republish the translation here.





이름없는 여인 되어

              

                    - 노천명

어느 조그만 산골로 들어가
나는 이름없는 여인이 되고 싶소
초가 지붕에 박넝쿨 올리고
삼밭엔 오이랑 호박을 놓고
들장미로 울타리를 엮어
마당엔 하늘을 욕심껏 들여놓고
밤이면 실컷 별을 안고

부엉이가 우는 밤도 내사 외롭지 않겠소
기차가 지나가 버리는 마을
놋양푼에 수수엿을 녹여 먹으며
내 좋은 사람과 밤이 늦도록
여우 나는 산골 얘기를 하면
삽살개는 달을 짖고
나는 여왕보다 더 행복하겠소

 

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